Trailer safety chains are one of the most important—yet often overlooked—components of safe towing. If your trailer becomes disconnected from your vehicle’s hitch, safety chains act as a critical backup, keeping the trailer connected and helping you avoid a serious accident.
In this guide, we’ll explain how to connect safety chains properly, outline the legal and safety requirements, and provide guidance on how to prevent common mistakes that can lead to costly damage or even wildfires.
Why Are Safety Chains Important?
Trailer safety chains serve as a secondary connection between your trailer and tow vehicle. If your coupler fails or the hitch disconnects, these chains help keep the trailer aligned and prevent the tongue from slamming into the pavement.
In most states, using safety chains is a legal requirement for bumper-pull and utility trailers. Fifth-wheel trailers are generally exempt due to their unique hitch design.
How to Properly Connect Trailer Safety Chains
Follow these steps every time you tow a trailer to ensure your safety chains are connected the right way:
1. Inspect Chains and Hooks
✔ Look for cracks, rust, bent links, or signs of wear.
✔ Replace any damaged components before towing.
✔ Ensure all hardware is rated to handle your trailer’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR).
2. Cross the Chains Under the Tongue
✔ Crisscross the chains beneath the trailer tongue.
✔ This forms a "safety cradle" that can catch the tongue if the trailer disconnects.
3. Use Proper Attachment Points
✔ Always attach chains to the tow vehicle’s frame or designated safety chain loops.
✔ Never connect to the hitch ball, bumper, or any removable parts.
4. Hook from Below
✔ Insert the hook upward through the attachment point, rather than dropping it in from above. This reduces the risk of accidental unhooking on bumpy roads.
5. Check Chain Length
✔ Chains should be long enough to allow for tight turns, but not so long that they drag on the ground.
✔ To shorten chains, hook to a link further down or use a chain hanger or zip tie to secure excess slack.
Trailer Safety Chain Requirements and Best Practices
✔ Use Two Chains- Each chain should attach to a separate point on the tow vehicle’s frame.
Maintain Proper Chain Strength
✔ Grade 30 transport chain: ~5,000 lbs safe working load limit.
✔ Grade 70 transport chain: ~6,600 lbs—ideal for heavy-duty trailers.
Avoid Common Mistakes
✔ Never twist chains: This weakens them by up to 75%.
✔ Don’t stretch or spread chain links to fit larger bolts.
✔ Avoid dragging chains: Sparks can start roadside fires and damage the chain or trailer.
Separate the Breakaway Cable
If your trailer uses an emergency breakaway brake system, the cable should be:
✔ Attached independently of the chains.
✔ Shorter than the chains, so it activates before the trailer completely separates.
Perform Routine Inspections
Check your chains and attachments regularly. Keep records of any replacements, maintenance, or inspections.
The Dangers of Dragging Trailer Chains
Dragging safety chains can lead to:
✔ Sparks and wildfires, especially in dry conditions.
✔ Premature wear and chain failure.
✔ Damage to the coupler or hitch.
✔ Loss of control in the event of a disconnection.
To prevent this:
✔ Adjust chain length properly.
✔ Cross chains under the coupler.
✔ Secure extra slack with zip ties or hangers.
Quick Tips to Shorten Trailer Chains Safely
Need to shorten your chains without compromising their strength?
✔ Hook further down the chain instead of twisting.
✔ Use zip ties or clips to secure excess slack.
✔ Avoid DIY modifications that weaken the chain structure.
Final Thoughts: Safety Chains Save Lives
Whether you’re towing a utility trailer, car hauler, or enclosed trailer, properly connecting and maintaining your trailer safety chains is essential for your safety—and for everyone else on the road.
By following these best practices, you’ll not only comply with the law but you’ll also significantly reduce your risk of accidents, injuries, and equipment damage.